Aquatic fern genomes provide insight into land plant evolution and symbiosis (Nature Plants)
Plant Science Research WeeklyLand plants evolved from freshwater charophytic algae over ~450 million years ago and have since diverged into the plethora of embryophyte genera that we see today. Genomics efforts have classically focused on key angiosperm species representing experimental model systems and/or agriculturally important…
Review. Brachypodium: A monocot grass model system for plant biology (Plant Cell)
Plant Science Research WeeklyBrachypodium distachyon is an annual C3 grass that has become an important model species. Scholthof et al. review the genetic tools and resources (sequences and mutants) as well as robust protocols for transformation that have been developed for it. The presence of wild and perennial species within the…
Review: The rice genome revolution: from an ancient grain to Green Super Rice ($) (Nat. Rev. Genetics)
Plant Science Research WeeklyRice is one of the major staple crops in the world as it is an essential component of diets and livelihoods. Populations in poor regions that are highly dependent on rice (Africa and South Asia) will increase dramatically by 2050, revealing the urgent need to find tools to prevent a future humanitarian…
Regulatory Divergence in the Stress Response of Tomato
The Plant Cell, The Plant Cell: In BriefHumans have domesticated crops for thousand of years by artificially selecting plants for numerous traits including morphology, lower toxicity or higher yield. As a result, plant domestication often altered plant fitness and resistance to stress under controlled conditions (Meyer & Purugganan 2013).…
Genes responsible for deceleration of circadian rhythms during tomato domestication (PNAS)
Plant Science Research WeeklyDomestication of crop plants is intimately linked to the modulation of the plants circadian rhythms, allowing adaptation to new agricultural environments. Deceleration of the clock has been instrumental in tomato domestication; however the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In…
Phylogenomics reveals multiple losses of nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis (Science)
Plant Science Research WeeklyThe ability to participate in nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis shows an interesting phylogenetic pattern, with some families showing a large number of nodulating species interspersed with non-nodulating ones, and some families showing only a few nodulating species. A current model suggests that…
Review: A guide to sequence your favorite plant genomes (App. Plant Sci)
Plant Science Research WeeklyEvery year, genome assembly gets faster and cheaper. Li and Harkness provide a practical guide to today’s methods, with caveats and precautions that need to be considered at each step, even questions to ask before embarking on a sequencing project. Topics include how to estimate genome size and complexity,…
Identification of cold tolerance genes and a functional allele that confers cold tolerance ($) (Plant Physiol.)
Plant Science Research WeeklyXiao et al. used 1,033 rice accessions for GWAS to identify QTLs associated with cold tolerance. In general, japonica-type varieties showed greater cold tolerance than indica types. The authors identified many QTLs for cold tolerance at the seedling and booting (initiation of panicles) stages. They…
Genomic variation in 3,010 diverse accessions of Asian cultivated rice (Nature)
Plant Science Research WeeklyWang et al. analyse data from the 3000 rice (Oryza sativa) genome (3K-RG) project, identifying “29 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, 2.4 million small indels and over 90,000 structural variations”. The data of course strongly support the two major rice types (Indica and Japonica), but also…