Ethylene is essential for the ripening of climacteric fruits, and a rapid burst of ethylene production and a rise in respiration occur at the transition to ripening.  In ripening apple (Malus domestica) fruits, the accumulation of anthocyanins that is responsible for reddening is correlated with ethylene…

In dark-grown plants, the plastids of cotyledon cells develop as etioplasts. Etioplasts contain unique internal lattice membrane structures called prolamellar bodies (PLBs) and lamellar prothylakoids (PTs). PLBs accumulate protochlorophyllide (Pchlide), a chlorophyll intermediate, in a complex with NADPH…

Some experimental systems aimed at understanding the effects of drought on plants have incorporated cell-impermeable high molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) to mimic the osmotic component of drought stress. The use of PEG showed that drought stress response could be separated into components…

Abscisic acid (ABA) promotes stomatal closure and inhibits light-induced stomatal opening. An early event in ABA signaling is an influx Ca2+ ions across the plasma membrane and an increase of cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt). ABA-induced stomatal closure involves an outward K+ flux and dynamic vacuolar…

Architectural modifications of plant root systems enable plants to survive adverse conditions. Lateral roots, for example, help anchor the plant in the soil, and facilitate the uptake of water and nutrients from the soil. Auxin is a plant hormone essential to root development including the elongation…

Yuanyuan Zhang, first author of OsATX1 Interacts with Heavy Metal P1B-type ATPases and Affects Cu Transport and Distribution in Rice Current Position: PhD student in the National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, China. Education: PhD in Biochemistry…

Science communication is as old as science itself, reaching even best-selling levels with some extraordinary examples such as “On the Origin of Species” by Charles Darwin or “A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes” by Stephen Hawking. Currently, and thanks to social media,…

Land plants evolved from freshwater charophytic algae over ~450 million years ago and have since diverged into the plethora of embryophyte genera that we see today. Genomics efforts have classically focused on key angiosperm species representing experimental model systems and/or agriculturally important…