Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) are DNA sequences found near or within genic regions that drive proper gene expression in time and space. Thus, CREs play essential roles in the diversification of spatially distinct cell-types with specialized function in multicellular organisms. To identify CREs underlying…

Many microbes enter a state of low metabolic activity, called quiescence, when the conditions for growth and division become unfavorable. The transition from active proliferation to quiescence involves a comprehensive restructuring of cellular metabolism, accumulation of storage compounds, and an orderly…

Polar cell growth is a key feature in plant organs like root hairs, trichomes and pollen tubes. Kulich and co-workers have identified novel regulatory elements governing the polar growth of root hairs and trichomes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Studying a group of proteins named ARMADILLO REPEAT ONLY (ARO),…

Asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) are often used by organisms to generate different cell sizes, each adopting a different cell fate. In plants, stomatal development provides an example of an ACD-derived patterning mechanism. Several proteins are known to be implicated in ACDs, like BREAKING OF ASYMMETRY…

For centuries, carnivorous plants and the mechanisms they use to capture prey have been enigmas. While some clarity regarding the molecular mechanisms is beginning to emerge, Suda and colleagues have uncovered a vital role for calcium (Ca2+) signals in trap closure in Venus flytrap. The researchers…

Brassicas produce specialized metabolites called glucosinolates that can be enzymatically converted to release toxic compounds. The catalyzing enzyme is stored in a separate subcellular compartment, so upon wounding by a herbivore the enzyme and substrate mix and release the toxin. Phloem-feeding insects…

Perspective: Multiplying the efficiency and impact of biofortification through metabolic engineering As heterotrophs, we are what we eat. One of the UN Sustainable Development Goals is to end all forms of hunger, including the “hidden hunger” that results from nutrient deficiencies. Van Der…

Yan Wang, first author of Plasticity and the role of mass-scaling in allocation, morphology and anatomical trait responses to above and belowground resource limitation in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Current Position: Lecturer, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, China Education:…