Review: Chloroplast function revealed through analysis of GreenCut2 genes

Of the 3000 or so proteins housed in the chloroplast, we know the functions of only a few hundred. One approach to identify function is to first identify plastid proteins found exclusively in photosynthetic organisms. This subset, GreenCut2, is further subdivided by whether the proteins are found in red algae, diatoms, and/or green plants. Fristedt describes further characterization of this set of proteins through literature and database reviews, which led to the sub-categorization of these proteins by their subcellular localization, as well as phylogenetic studies using CLIME (Clustering by inferred models of evolution), which together shed light onto the functions of some of these important but poorly understood proteins.   J. Exp. Bot. 10.1093/jxb/erx082